Art,
Poetry, and Song In a nomadic culture, where one's possessions
are frequently moved, there is little reason for the plastic
arts to be highly developed. Somalis embellish and decorate
their woven and wooden milk jugs and their wooden headrests,
and traditional dance is important, though mainly as a form
of courtship among young people. But the epitome of Somali
artistry is oral.
Facility
with speech is highly valued in Somali society, where one's
abilities as a political or religious leader, a warrior or
a suitor, depend, in part, on one's way with words. Since
pride is important in Somali society, the ability to use language
to save face is essential. Humor, based on puns and word play,
is used to blunt criticism and to extricate oneself from embarrassing
situations. This use of humor is captured in a Somali proverb:
"A man with a sense of humor is never at a loss for words
or action." It is in the art of oral
poetry and song that Somalis excel. Whether used as a challenge,
a courting technique, or political rhetoric, poetry and song
remain a vital part of Somali culture, enhanced
rather than diminished by radio broadcasting.
Poetry
recitations are often accompanied by the chewing of qat,*
a mild stimulant, which many Somalis believe helps one to
think and talk better. One indication of the slowly changing
public role of Somali women is their increasing use of poetry
as a means of public expression. Camels, the basis of life
for traditional Somali herders, frequently figure in poetic
expression. A young man compares his tender feelings for his
beloved to a camel's feelings for her young: "I am afflicted
with the trauma of frustrated love as a camel whose baby has
been unjustly separated from her," and a mother warns her
daughter to be faithful in marriage by saying, "Only
camels enjoy being milked by two men at the same time. Anything
else of the female kind shared by two men soon loses its luster."
*Recent media accounts give the impression that qat
(spelled qaad in Somali) is far more potent than it is. Scientists
compare the stimulation of qat to that of several cups of
strong coffee.
|